Nos publications

• NPV E 2011 mai; 7 (25) 6-11

  Approche épidémiologique des tendinopathies et des desmopathies.

  Description des affections tendineuses et ligamentaires spécifiques à chaque discipline pour permettre d'orienter le dépistage lors d'une visite d'achat ainsi que les premières étapes du diagnostic.

• NPV E 2011 mai; 7 (25)32-37

  Approche par ténoscopie des affections tendineuses de la bride radiale et de la gaine digitale. F Relave, JM Casamatta, G Bon

  L'approche par ténoscopie du canal carpien permet de réaliser la desmotomie de la bride radiale, qui peut être utile lors de tendinite du tendon fléchisseur superficiel (TFS) chez les chevaux avec les boulets droits et lors de lésion proximale du tendon fléchisseur profond(TFP). La ténoscopie de la gaine digitale est une aide au diagnostic et au traitement des lésions au niveau des TFS et TFP, de la manica flexoria et du ligament annulaire du boulet.

• Vet Surg. 2010 Oct;39(7):839-46

  Thoracoscopic lung biopsies in heaves-affected horses using a bipolar tissue sealing system. F Relave, F David, M Leclère, K Alexander, P Hélie, M Meulyzer, JP Lavoie, M Marcoux

  OBJECTIVE: To validate the use of the LigaSure™ Vessel Sealing System (LVSS) to perform thoracoscopic lung tissue biopsies in heaves-affected horses. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Heaves-affected horses (n=12). METHODS: Lung biopsies (n=34) were collected with the LVSS (2-4 biopsies/horse) in horses with and without clinical signs of heaves. Thoracoscope (13th intercostal space [ICS]) and 2 instruments (between the 12-15th ICS) portals were used. Selected clinical and arterial blood gas variables were monitored. Postoperative pneumothorax was evaluated. Depth of thermal injury to the surrounding tissue and representativeness of the biopsies were determined. RESULTS: Mean surgical time was 22.9±8.0 minutes. The complication rate was 5.6%, and primarily related to a focal inadequate sealing of the biopsy margin. Five horses in exacerbation required intraoperative intranasal O(2) . Mean PaO(2) was significantly lower in heaves-affected horses with clinical signs compared with those without clinical signs. Postoperative pneumothorax was detected radiographically after 20 of the 34 procedures. One horse with clinical signs of heaves developed a fatal tension pneumothorax 5 days postoperatively despite close radiographic monitoring. CONCLUSION: Thoracoscopic lung biopsy using LVSS is a rapid and effective technique to harvest peripheral lung tissues from heaves-affected horses. Although the complication rate was tolerable, tension pneumothorax was a potential life-threatening complication because of incomplete lung sealing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: LVSS can be used with relative safety to perform thoracoscopic lung biopsy, but close postoperative monitoring is necessary to avoid tension pneumothorax.

• Equine Vet J. 2009 Jan;41(1):34-40

  Comparison of radiography and ultrasonography to detect osteochondrosis lesions in the tarsocrural joint: a prospective study. F Relave, M Meulyzer, K Alexander, G Beauchamp, M Marcoux

  REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Lesions located on the medial malleolus of the tarsocrural joint can be difficult to image radiographically. Ultrasonography allows evaluation of articular cartilage and subchondral bone. OBJECTIVES: To compare dorso30 degrees lateral-plantaromedial-oblique (DL-PIMO) and dorso45 degrees views to detect lesions on the medial malleolus, to validate the use of ultrasonography to show lesions in the tarsocrural joint and to compare its sensitivity to radiography. METHODS: Tarsocrural joints (n=111) with osteochondrosis were evaluated ultrasonographically and radiographically prior to arthroscopic lesion debridement. A complete radiographic examination was made and the best view to detect each lesion recorded. Longitudinal and transverse ultrasonography of the dorsal aspect of the joint was performed and the best scan plane to image each lesion recorded. RESULTS: There were 94 joints with lesions on the distal intermediate ridge of tibia, 24 with lesions on the medial malleolus, and 4 with lesions on the lateral trochlear ridge. The sensitivity of radiography to detect lesions on the medial malleolus and distal intermediate ridge of tibia was 71 and 96%, respectively. Eighty-two percent of lesions on the medial malleolus were better imaged on dorso30 degrees view. The sensitivity of ultrasonography to detect lesions on the medial malleolus and distal intermediate ridge of tibia was 83 and 98%, respectively. Ultrasonography was significantly more sensitive than radiography to detect lesions on the medial malleolus and distal intermediate ridge of tibia. CONCLUSION: Dorso30 degrees lateral-plantaromedial-oblique view was the best to image lesions on the medial malleolus. Ultrasonography was a valuable diagnostic tool to diagnose lesions in the tarsocrural joint and was more sensitive than radiography for lesions located on the medial malleolus and distal intermediate ridge of tibia. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Radiographic examination should include a dorso30 degrees view for detection of lesions on the medial malleolus and ultrasonography should be considered to diagnose osteochondrosis in the tarsocrural joints.

• PVE, 2009 ; 41(163) : 41-49

  Les lacérations tendineuses des membres chez le cheval. F Relave, M Marcoux

  Les tendons sont des structures riches en fibres de collagène, recouverts d'un paratendon uniquement dans leur partie extrasynoviale. Leur guérison fait intervenir une voie intrinsèque et une voie extrinsèque prédominante. L'objectif d'une guérison tendineuse optimale, surtout si la lésion est intrasynoviale, est de favoriser la voie intrinsèque afin de minimiser les risques d'adhérences. Le diagnostic des lacérations des tendons fléchisseurs ou extenseurs est relativement aisé à établir cliniquement ou par un examen échographique. Le pronostic sportif est réservé lors d'atteinte des tendons fléchisseurs à bon dans le cas d'une atteinte des tendons extenseurs. Le pronostic vital est réservé lors de lésion intrasynoviale.

• PVE, 2009 ; 41, 23-31

  Le poulain faible : premiers soins et triage. M Lenormand, J Labriffe

  Le poulain est un individu particulièrement sensible durant ses premières semaines de vie. Il possède ses spécificités et demande une attention toute particulière en raison de l'expression fruste des affections néonatales, la faiblesse étant la symptomatologie majeure, les autres signes le plus souvent vagues et non localisés. Une fois l'examen clinique réalisé, un traitement de soutien est d'abord mis en place, puis un diagnostic est posé. La feuille de score septique prend alors toute sa valeur, la septicémie devant être la première hypothèse diagnostique et pouvant largement compliquer certaines affections diagnostiquées, donc influencer le triage.

• Vet Surg. 2008 Apr;37(3):232-40

  Evaluation of a thoracoscopic technique using ligating loops to obtain large lung biopsies in standing healthy and heaves-affected horses. F Relave, F David, M Leclère; K Alexander, G Bussières, JP Lavoie, M Marcoux.

  OBJECTIVE: To evaluate use of pre-tied ligating loop to perform thoracoscopic, large lung biopsy in normal and heaves-affected horses. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Normal (n=5) and heaves-affected (n=6) horses. METHODS: Lung biopsies, 1 from each hemithorax, were collected thoracoscopically using a pre-tied ligating loop. Horses were either normal (C) or heaves-affected with the latter being in remission (Ha) for the initial biopsy and in exacerbation (Hs) for the 2nd biopsy. Clinical variables, PaO(2), and PaCO(2) were used to determine the effect of surgical biopsy. Postoperative pneumothorax was monitored by serial thoracic radiographic examinations. RESULTS: Thoracoscopic lung biopsy (n=29, 22 procedures) was well tolerated by all horses. Complication rate was 31%, including 8 ligature slippage and 1 pulmonary hemorrhage. Intranasal oxygen was administered intraoperatively to 6 horses (2 C, 1 Ha, 3 Hs) with severe hypoxemia or labored breathing. There was a significant decrease in PaO(2) during surgery in horses not supplemented with oxygen. Postoperative pneumothorax (21/22 procedures) detected radiographically resolved within 3 weeks. CONCLUSION: Thoracoscopic lung biopsy using pre-tied ligating loops was minimally invasive, relatively inexpensive, and fairly efficient. Heaves-affected horses tolerated the surgery well, even when in exacerbation; however, the technique was associated with non life-threatening complications in 31% of the biopsies, most of which required correction with additional ligating loops or more sophisticated instrumentation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Using laparoscopic pre-tied ligating loop for thoracoscopically-assisted lung biopsy can be considered in horses with normal and impaired lung function but alternative instrumentation and access to intranasal oxygen must be available to the surgeon in case of complications.

• Can Vet J. 2007 Aug;48(8):823-6

  Accuracy of a rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure progesterone in mares. F Relave, R Lefebvre, S Beaudoin, C Price

  The aim of this study was to validate an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the measurement of progesterone (P4) in mares. Specifically, the objectives were as follows: (1) to determine the specificity and sensitivity of the ELISA test for determination of P4, (2) to measure the potential agreement between the 2 people performing the test, and 3) to evaluate the effect of time on the outcome. Ten mares were sampled on the day before ovulation (D-1), and on days 1 (D1), 3 (D3), and 5 (D5) following ovulation, during the reproductive season. While mares were cycling regularly, estrus was induced by the injection of 5 mg of prostaglandin (PGF2) and monitored starting on the 4th day by daily transrectal palpation and ultrasonography to determine the time of ovulation. Blood was collected and all samples (n=96) were assayed for P4 by a semiquantitative ELISA, by chemiluminescent immunoassay, and by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Based on the RIA, values of P4 on D-1, D1, D3, and D5 were significantly different (P < 0.0001) with mean and standard deviation(s) of 0.004, s = 0.52; 2.05, s = 2.58; 8.37, s = 4.17; and 12.76, s = 4.00 ng/mL respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the semiquantitative assay were 94% and 95%, respectively for the lowest values of P4 (< 1.0 ng/mL). The value of kappa was 0.90 between 2 individuals performing the test. In conclusion, these results suggest that the semiquantitative test may be used reliably and economically to evaluate P4 levels in equine plasma in the clinical

• NPV E, 2007

  Comment réaliser un lavage articulaire à l'aiguille chez le poulain. JM Casamatta, M Lenormand, S Lenormand, M Schambourg

• NPV E, 2007

  Conduite à tenir face à une arthrite septique chez le poulain. JM Casamatta, M Lenormand, S lenormand, M Schambourg

• NPV E, 2005 Novembre

  Diagnostic et traitement des entorses du pied chez le cheval. M Lenormand, JM Casamatta, S Lenormand

  Aiguës ou chroniques, les entorses du pied affectent surtout les antérieurs. Outre un traitement médical, elles nécessitent du repos, la reprise d'un exercice contrôlé, voire l'utilisation d'ondes de choc.

• Can Vet J. 2005 Sep;46(9):807-13.

  Digital semiological anesthesia in horses: technique and elements of interpretation. Piccot-Crézollet C, Casamatta JM, Lepage OM.

  Digital semiological anesthesia in horses: Technique and elements of interpretation. Semiological anesthesia of the pes is used during examinations for lameness in horses. Recent research data on the distal digital, distal interphalangeal articular, and podotrochlear intrathecal nerve blocks indicate that they are less than specific when considered in isolation. They should be used in combination to localize pain in the pes. A positive response to anesthesia of the distal interphalangeal articulation could also indicate that the source of the pain was in the podotrochlear apparatus or the dorsal part of the sole. Podotrochlear anesthesia also anesthetizes the dorsal part of the sole and, later, the distal interphalangeal joint. Distal digital anesthesia affects a large palmar area of the hoof and extends dorsally. Overall, basic research provides little support for the practical uses of semiological blocks.